Negotiating is a process of communication between two or more parties to reach an agreement on future behavior – like when you’re purchasing a small business, leasing an office, hiring an employee, selling a product, or trying to get a two-year-old to take one more bite of peas.
Let’s look at the two key words in that definition: process and communication.
Process
Conducting a negotiation is more like running a marathon than a sprint – it takes time and involves multiple steps. By accepting this reality you’ll set yourself up to be more patient and, therefore, more effective.
Remember, your impatience with the process is the other party’s best leverage. Good negotiators practice patience.
Communication
There are many ways to communicate in a negotiation besides speaking: Punctuality, appearance, organization, and attention to detail, for example, are all forms of communication. You could even communicate in absentia with the quality of the documents you produce.
Never underestimate the heightened awareness of every aspect of a negotiation. The slightest nuance, gesture, or facial expression can mean something. Make sure all communications contribute to your negotiating objectives.
Before you begin any negotiation, be sure to ask yourself these three questions.
1. What do I want?
Make sure you have this conversation with yourself. If you don’t know what you want, how will you know when to stand firm and when to give something away? If the other party senses you’re not focused, they will either disengage because they think you’re not ready to deal, or view you as weak prey and take advantage. Either way, you lose.
2. Why should the other party negotiate with me?
If a genie grants you one wish prior to a negotiation, ask what motivates the other party. Armed with that perspective you can get the other information you’ll need in due time.
3. What are my options?
The best way to get what you want in any negotiation is if you don’t have to do the deal. Having an alternative to what’s on the table strengthens your ability to walk away from a deal that isn’t moving in your favor. It doesn’t have to be perfect – just an alternative.
Sometime during the negotiation, your second choice might start looking pretty good. And merely knowing you’re in a position to walk away will make you a better negotiator.
Finally, whatever you do, don’t fall in love with any deal unless you want to make the other party’s day. Love is for lovers – this is business.
Write this on a rock … In a world where everything’s negotiable, are you a good negotiator?